At an informal gathering of EU Agriculture Ministers, food security and the role of European agriculture and sustainable global food production were the main discussion points.
At the meeting held in Prague, the EU agriculture ministers also agreed that the time is now to act in a coordinated way to maximize sustainable increases in agricultural production and the use of modern techniques in agriculture should be accelerated.
The meeting was chaired by Czech Agriculture Minister Zdeněk Nekula and attended by Agriculture Commissioner Janusz Wojciechowski, representatives of NGOs, the European Parliament, academics and the Ministers of Agriculture of Ukraine, Georgia and Moldova.
Invasion of Ukraine
Also raised was Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, the lingering effects of the pandemic and advancing climate change that are having a major impact on global food security and world food prices.
The EU agriculture ministers mainly discussed how to ensure sufficient food production and distribution to the most vulnerable countries, while ensuring sustainability. One of the main solutions, they agreed is to use innovation, research and modern technologies, including precision farming, to further reduce pesticide and fertilizer consumption while maintaining the necessary productivity.
Nekula said: “Although there is enough food in the European Union, the pandemic and the Russian invasion of Ukraine have deepened the food crisis in the world. We have a major challenge in the Union to sustainably increase agricultural production, reduce food waste and ensure that people around the world have access to quality food. It may be time to rethink some traditional approaches to food production in favor of new modern techniques.”
Science and innovation
Science, innovation and modern plant breeding methods in agriculture were also hot topics of the meeting. It included contributions by Czech experts Miroslav Trnka and Roman Hobza.
Both said that new trends can help the EU in reducing the use of pesticides and fertilizers, in water management or in breeding new varieties more resistant to extreme weather fluctuations and new plant pests and diseases.
The Ministers agreed that the EU must react as quickly as possible to the development of modern trends and not hinder innovation. It is therefore important to change the outdated legislative framework by which the EU regulates the use of modern plant breeding methods.
Extraordinary damage
This framework not only restricts European farmers, but also leads to an outflow of top experts to countries outside the European Union, so the damage, they say, is extraordinary.
“Even though the war in Ukraine is adversely affecting food production, commodity markets, energy prices and thus all of us, we must not, as the European Union, resign ourselves to taking care of the landscape. We urgently need drought-, frost-, disease- and pest-resistant crops that require fewer pesticides and artificial fertilizers.
“That is why I am pleased that the Commissioner has clearly stated the European Commission‘s readiness to bring forward proposals for plant breeding legislation in the short term that will help to resolve the current problems,” added Nekula.
Solidarity Lanes
In the context of food security and food distribution, Mykola Solskyi, Minister of Agriculture for Ukraine, summarized the current challenges Ukraine is facing in this area. He also stressed the importance of the solidarity lanes facilitated by the EU and asked for their further extension. Due to the occupation of several Ukrainian ports by Russian troops, grain from Ukraine has to come also through other routes.
Nekula said: “According to the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, nearly 40% of Africa’s total wheat imports come from Russia and Ukraine. The World Food Program, which feeds some 125 million people, buys 50% of its grain from Ukraine. The solidarity corridors do make sense and we will address the possibilities of expanding and strengthening them as a separate topic at the Council in Brussels on 26 September.”
To ensure food security in the context of the war in Ukraine, the EU has drawn up an action plan in record time, the Solidarity Lanes, to facilitate the export of Ukrainian commodities by land and inland waterways.
Emergency aid
Furthermore, the abolition of customs duties on imports of Ukrainian products into the EU is helping in this situation, so that goods can travel more easily to countries in Africa, for example. In addition to the emergency aid to the most vulnerable sectors, the use of as much agricultural land as possible for food production and the exemption from crop rotation for next year should also help European farmers. The EU is also providing financial support to those countries most at risk at this time.
In 2021, up to 828 million people were affected by hunger. As the world’s population continues to grow, many more efforts are needed to sustainably increase agricultural production and reduce food waste. In 2020, the world produced about 4 billion tons of food, but about 1.3 billion tons were wasted.
Today’s meeting of the Ministers of Agriculture concluded a three-day program in the Czech Republic. In addition to Prague, they visited several farms to learn about agricultural production in the Czech Republic. The informal ministerial meeting is organized by each Presidency in its country and is a discussion on a selected topic that serves as a basis for further decision-making.